Histoloji ve Embriyoloji (DR)
Ders İçerikleri


1. Semester

Course CodeCourse Name(T+A+L)ECTSCompulsory/Elective
LEE6500 Scientific Research Methods and Ethics 3+0+ 9 Compulsory

2. Semester

Course CodeCourse Name(T+A+L)ECTSCompulsory/Elective
HİS6108 Seminar 0+0+0 10 Compulsory
Each doctoral student makes a presentation on a topic of their own choosing.

3. Semester

Course CodeCourse Name(T+A+L)ECTSCompulsory/Elective
HİS6208 Proficiency Exam Preparation Course 0+0+0 30 Compulsory
Yeterlilik sınavına hazırlık

4. Semester

Course CodeCourse Name(T+A+L)ECTSCompulsory/Elective
HİS6210 Thesis Proposal 0+0+ 30 Compulsory

5. Semester

Course CodeCourse Name(T+A+L)ECTSCompulsory/Elective
HİS6301 Thesis Study 1 5+0+0 30 Compulsory
Conducting a literature review on the thesis topic, arranging the information based on the literature, developing the data collection tool, collecting, interpreting, applying and concluding the research data, critically evaluating the information obtained, making suggestions regarding the subject as a result of the research, preparing written, oral and visual works. Processes such as systematically transferring and reporting the research, and as a result of these processes, preparing a thesis study in accordance with academic writing rules.

6. Semester

Course CodeCourse Name(T+A+L)ECTSCompulsory/Elective
HİS6302 Thesis 2 5+0+0 30 Compulsory
Conducting a literature review on the thesis topic, arranging the information based on the literature, developing the data collection tool, collecting, interpreting, applying and concluding the research data, critically evaluating the information obtained, making suggestions regarding the subject as a result of the research, preparing written, oral and visual works. Processes such as systematically transferring and reporting the research, and as a result of these processes, preparing a thesis study in accordance with academic writing rules.

7. Semester

Course CodeCourse Name(T+A+L)ECTSCompulsory/Elective
HİS6401 Thesis 3 5+0+0 30 Compulsory
Conducting a literature review on the thesis topic, arranging the information based on the literature, developing the data collection tool, collecting, interpreting, applying and concluding the research data, critically evaluating the information obtained, making suggestions regarding the subject as a result of the research, preparing written, oral and visual works. Processes such as systematically transferring and reporting the research, and as a result of these processes, preparing a thesis study in accordance with academic writing rules.

8. Semester

Course CodeCourse Name(T+A+L)ECTSCompulsory/Elective
HİS6402 Thesis 4 5+0+0 30 Compulsory
Conducting a literature review on the thesis topic, arranging the information based on the literature, developing the data collection tool, collecting, interpreting, applying and concluding the research data, critically evaluating the information obtained, making suggestions regarding the subject as a result of the research, preparing written, oral and visual works. Processes such as systematically transferring and reporting the research, and as a result of these processes, preparing a thesis study in accordance with academic writing rules.


Department/Programme Elective Courses


Course CodeCourse Name(T+A+L)ECTS
HİS6016 Cells and Tissues 2+2+ 8
Topics will be covered, starting from the organelles of the cell to the basic tissues.
Course CodeCourse Name(T+A+L)ECTS
HİS6017 Early Embryological Development 2+2+ 8
Course CodeCourse Name(T+A+L)ECTS
HİS6018 Laboratory Techniques 2+2+ 8
Histological techniques, stains, fixatives
Course CodeCourse Name(T+A+L)ECTS
HİS6019 Histology of Systems 2+2+ 8
Circulatory system Lymphoreticular system Skin Digestive system Urinary system Endocrine genital system Nerve and sensory organs
Course CodeCourse Name(T+A+L)ECTS
HİS6020 Embryology of Systems 2+2+ 8
Course CodeCourse Name(T+A+L)ECTS
HİS6101 Cell Structure and Signal Transduction 2+2+0 8
Cell types, structures and functions of cellular membranes and organelles
Course CodeCourse Name(T+A+L)ECTS
HİS6102 Respiratory, Circulatory and Lymphoreticular Systems 2+2+0 8
Lesson 1: Respiratory histology 1 Nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx histological structure, cells Lesson 2: Respiratory histology 2 Trachea structure, bronchus and bronchial structure and their differences; associated cells. Type I pneumocyte cell, type II pneumocyte cell, blood-air barrier Lesson 3: Respiratory histology 3 General recap: lung histology Lesson 4: Circulatory system histology 1 Histological structure of the heart Lesson 5: Circulatory system histology 2 Histology of arteries, veins, capillaries Lesson 6: Circulatory system histology 3 Cells and specialized structures in the circulatory system Lesson 7: Circulatory system histology 4 Histology of structures associated with lymphatic circulation Lesson 8: Article day Discussion of 2 current articles published on respiration and circulation Lesson 9: Lymphoreticular system histology 1 Tonsil histological structure and characteristics of the cells Lecture 10: Lymphoreticular system histology 2 Lymph node histological structure and cells characteristics Lesson 11: Lymphoreticular system histology 3 Spleen histological structure and cells characteristics Lesson 12: Lymphoreticular system histology 4 Thymus histological structure and cells characteristics Lesson 13: Article day Discussion of 2 current articles published on the lymphoreticular system
Course CodeCourse Name(T+A+L)ECTS
HİS6103 Basic Tissues and Blood 2+2+0 8
(LESSON 1) Epithelial tissue-1 General feature of epithelium Classification of epithelium cell polarity Apical differentiations (microvillus, stereocilium, cilium) Lateral region connection complexes (occluder, fixator, communication) Basal differentiations (basement membrane, matrix connections, internal folds) (LESSON 2) Epithelial tissue-2 Epithelial gland development Epithelial gland classification Secretion types secretion mechanism Cytoskeleton (microfilament, intermediate filament, microtubule) (LESSON 3) Epithelial tissue-3 Paper 1 (30 min discussion): “Cell Cell Junctions Organize Structural and Signaling Networks” Article 2 (30 min discussion): “Pathological effects of ionizing radiation endothelial activation and dysfunction (LESSON 4) Connective tissue-1 General feature of connective tissue Classification of connective tissue Fibroblast structure and properties Myofibroblast structure and characteristics Macrophage structure and properties Mast cell structure and properties Adipocyte structure and properties connective tissue fibers (LESSON 5) Connective tissue-2 Extracellular matrix structure and properties Connective tissue transient cell population (lymphocyte, plasma, neutrophil, eosinophil, basophil, monocyte) (LESSON 6) Connective tissue-3 Specialized connective tissue: general characteristics of cartilage tissue, bone tissue, adipose tissue (LESSON 7) Muscle tissue-1 Skeletal muscle structure Satellite cell structure and properties muscle regeneration Golgi tendon organ structure and properties (LESSON 8) Muscle tissue-2 smooth muscle structure heart muscle structure (LESSON 9) Muscle tissue-3 Paper 1 (30 min discussion): “Heart Regeneration: 20 Years of Progress and Renewed Optimism” Paper 2 (30 min discussion): “Effects of Exercise and Aging on Skeletal Muscle” (LESSON 10) Nervous tissue-1 Structure and properties of the neuron General characteristics of neuroglia Schwann cell structure and properties Satellite structure and properties Astrocyte structure and properties Oligodendrocyte structure and properties Microglia structure and properties Ependymal cell structure and properties (LESSON 11) Nervous tissue-2 Connective tissue (endoneurium, perinorium, epineurium) structure of the peripheral nerve Connective tissue (dura mater, arachnoid, pia mater) structure of the central nerve Blood-brain barrier structure and properties Choroid plexus structure and features (LESSON 12) Nervous tissue-3 Article 1 (30 min discussion): “Central nervous system regeneration” Article 2 (30 min discussion): “Neural plasticity in the aging brain” (LESSON 13) Blood tissue-1 Plasma components Erythrocyte structure and properties Structure and properties of granulocytes (LESSON 14) Blood tissue-2 Structure and properties of agranulocytes Thrombocyte structure and properties
Course CodeCourse Name(T+A+L)ECTS
HİS6107 Basic Histochemical Techniques 2+0+0 8
(LESSON 1) Fixation types and methods 1 Purpose of fixation, changes in tissues as a result of fixation, types of fixation, working mechanism of fixation, factors affecting fixation (LESSON 2) Fixation types and methods 2 Formaldehyde, glutaraldehyde, osmium tetraoxide, methyl alcohol, acetone, Bouin's fixative, Mercury, Zenker types and their properties; fixation artifacts (LESSON 3) Tissue tracking steps Purpose of tissue tracking, e.g. size characteristics, dehydration, dehydration agents, clearing, clearing agents, impregnation, machine tracking, manual tracking procedure examples and points to consider (LESSON 4) Dyeing types and principles Dye types, theory of dyeing, factors affecting dyeing, metachromatic dyes, mordant, dyeing procedure examples and points to consider. (LESSON 5) Hematoxylin and eosin stain Hematoxylin types, hematoxylin and eosin staining procedure examples and points to consider. Interpretation of sample micrografts (LESSON 6) Carbohydrate, protein, lipid dyes 1 Staining of different carbohydrates, Periodic Acid-Schiff's (PAS) dye and its properties, Alcian blue dye and its properties. Interpretation of sample micrografts (LESSON 7) Carbohydrate, protein, lipid dyes 2 Different lipid dyes, Sudan black, Oil red O dye and its properties, different protein dyes. Interpretation of sample micrografts (LESSON 8) Nucleic acid and pigment dyes Nucleic acid and different pigment (hemosiderin, bile, melanin, lipofuscin, chromaffin) dyes, examples and properties. Interpretation of sample micrografts (LESSON 9) Connective tissue dyes 1 Masson Trichrome, Van Gieson, Verhoeff's paints and their properties. Interpretation of sample micrografts (LESSON 10) Connective tissue dyes 2 Orcein, Phosphotungstic Acid, Weigert dyes and their properties. Interpretation of sample micrografts (LESSON 11) Immunohistochemistry 1 Working principle and method of immunohistochemical dyes (tissue procurement, fixation, antigen retrieval, use of positive and negative controls, chromogen staining) (LESSON 12) Immunohistochemistry 2 Handling and managing “Troubleshooting”, quality controls, factors affecting staining quality, observing the preparations on the monitor and points to pay attention to (LESSON 13) Immunohistochemistry 3 Observation and interpretation of micrograft images of different immunohistochemical markers
Course CodeCourse Name(T+A+L)ECTS
HİS6110 Digestive and Urogenital Systems 2+2+0 8
General features of the digestive tract, oral cavity, esophagus, stomach, intestines, major and minor salivary glands, pancreas, liver, bile duct, kidneys, ureter, urinary bladder, histology of male and female genital system.
Course CodeCourse Name(T+A+L)ECTS
HİS6201 Development and Histology of Sensory Organs, Skin and Its Appendages 3+0+0 8
Histology of the five sense organs, layers of the skin
Course CodeCourse Name(T+A+L)ECTS
HİS6202 Basic Principles in Assisted Reproductive Techniques 2+2+0 8
Reproductive functions, basic information about infertility, its epidemiology, causes, treatment processes